History and tourist attractions of Kocaeli province

Seyahat Rehberi

Seyahat Rehberi

Located in the north-eastern part of the Marmara Region, Kocaeli is a region whose historical development dates back to BC BC and whose traces are still present in various civilizations.
In the early ages, the cities established in the region called Bithynia took the names of Olibia, Astakoz, Nicomedia, İznikmid, İzid and Kocaeli respectively.

The city, which functions as an important cultural, commercial and geopolitical bridge over the natural and transit routes of Asia and Europe, M. Ö. In the south east of present-day İzmit, by Megaralı immigrants who settled around Başiskele. It was founded in 712 and named Astacus. Kent, BC The castle was dominant until 300 BC. Between 500 and 435, he lived as an independent city and printed coins on his behalf. B.C. In 262, the people of Astakos settled in the area where the present Izmit was located, and the city was named Nikomedes because of Nikomedes, the king of Bithynia. Nikomedya After the Ottoman domination in 1331, first Iznikmid, then İzmit (Izmit) was named.
Izmit was first taken under Turkish domination during the Seljuk period in the 11th century. (1078) Later, at the end of the Crusades they were briefly occupied by the Crusader army commander Aleksios Komnenos. It was during the period of Orhan Bey that the definite passage to the Turkish sovereignty. In 1331, Uçbeyi Akçakoca joined the Ottoman lands. The name of the province, Kocaeli, was taken from Akça Koca, who is one of the extremities of Osman Bey and his son Orhan Bey who contributed to this region in the Ottoman State.
After this date, the city was first named İznikmid, then İzmit (Izmit). The city reached its brightest period during the time of Kanuni Suleiman. The commercial and social life of Izmit began to revitalize after the 19th century between Istanbul and İzmit and the Haydarpaşa-Ankara railway reached the city in 1873.
The demolition of World War I and the loss of its lasting significance for a while, occupied by the British and the Greeks, was rescued from the occupation by Turkish Orders on 27 June 1920. At the beginning of the republic period, İzmir became the center of Kocaeli province and after 1950 ‘s developed rapidly and became a big industrial and commercial center.

It is near the Kandira-Kefken road, in Babadağ. The monumental tomb of Kocaeli conqueror Akçakoca Bey, believed to have lived between 1234 and 1328, was built in 1974. Akçakoca Bey’s tomb is located on the podium, which is stepped out at the center of the monument with an open pyramidal body.

Akmeşe Güvercinlik Village is located at Aslanpınar-Büyüktepe. The tumulus that was learned to be destroyed as a result of illegal excavation in 1993 interfered with İzmit Museum Directorate and made a rescue excavation. A tomb room with a dromos was unearthed from the cut stone of the Roman period. As a result of the examinations made, it was found that the tumulus was destroyed in the previous periods and there were no finds except a few pieces of bone.

Ballıkayalar valley, which is declared as “Natural Park and Natural Site” in Tavşanlı Village of Gebze, is 40-80 meters wide in 1.5 km length. The Ballıkayalar Valley, where the mountaineers land and climb, is the karstic throat with the resulting geomorphologic forms of limestone formation.

To the south of the Karapinar Village of Karamursel; The Sirudere is a 180-de-vaulted valley, which is the most popular and sought-after picnic and promenade area of ​​the county.

24 tons of trout are grown annually in facilities operated in Başdeğirmen, where clean, clear and cold waters of Suludere are fed from the Samanlı Mountains. The restaurant serves a decent fish restaurant for 250 guests, 250 of them open and 250 open for fish, served in summer and winter. This wonderful environment, which presents the harmony of the sounds of birds and water inside the forests decorated with greenery, is 9 kilometers by paved road to the center of the district.

As you head towards the top of the curved slopes of olive gardens and detached houses along the way as you head to the Head of the Valley, which is symbolized by a 225-year-old plane tree, you can see the perfect view of the gulf.

Natural food such as village bread, village cheese, eggs, butter and honey can be purchased here, as it turns out to be the ideal place for a few days of corporate programs, group visits and weekends.

Sultan Abdul Hamid spent many repairs and reached the daylight. Inner adornments protect that day’s vitality

Kocaeli Province, Gölcük Operations Directorate Yuvacık and Naldöken Forest Operations Directorate within the boundaries of Beşkayalar location Ministry of the Authority dated 27 02 1998 and M.P.G. M.P.A.I.B.K. Natural Park has been declared with number 01/190. I Degree Natural Site. Beşkayalar Nature Park is 1154 ha. Within the boundaries of 386 Ha Yuvacik Forestry Operation Administration, the remaining 768 ha remain within the boundaries of the Naldoken Forest Management Conduct. Beskayalar Nature Park, Servetiye Karşı and Servetiye mosques are within the boundaries of the flat villages and the distance to İzmit is 24 km. Beşkayalar Nature Park is located within the boundaries of the Yuvacık Forestry Management Department, with all of the 78-79-80-100-101-102 sections, 103-104 and 105 sections, and with the Naldöken Forestry Administration 69-70-71-72-76- 77-94-95-96-97-98-99- and 124 sections. Beşkayalar Nature Park is located on 1/25 000 scale BURSA G 23 – c3 and BURSA G 23 – c 4 hidden places. 1154 Ha, which is declared as Beşkayalar, has a forest area of ​​1057 ha, and the remaining area consists of 97 ha without forests.

Between 1992-1993, Bogazici University Kandilli Observatory experts started to investigate the site for the purpose of determining the location of the grave chamber and the magnetic anomaly maps of the tumulus at the entrance of Üçtepeler Village were removed. The geophysical experts Oğuz GÜNDOĞDU, Ali ERDOĞAN and the scientific contributions to the team and archaeologists, the location of the grave chamber and the entrance direction of the tumulus were determined. In 1994, the Tumulus was expropriated with a height of 12 meters and a diameter of 75 cm, and an archaeological excavation was carried out at the Izmit Museum Directorate. After the excavation, a dromos grave room dating to the Early Roman Period was found. The architecture of the grave is different from the Aytepe Tumulus. Although the length of the dromos was shorter, it was found in clinics with fragments of fragments that appeared to belong to three persons in the grave chamber. It has been determined that the large tumulus, which had architectural features with cut stone and cradle vault, had previously been robbed. In order to preserve the tumulus, in 1994 a door of a private company was added with a donation of a private company and a cradle vaulted entrance in the form of a continuation of the dromos with the contributions of the Ministry of Culture. However, in the past six years, the entrance gate made of landslides has been covered with soil.

According to the fountain book of Izmit or Orhan Câmii and from various sources, it was built by Canfedâ Hâtun. It was completely repaired by Su’da Usta, the treasury master of the Mahmud palace, from the source of the water in 1242 (1826). It is also understood that in 1847 an archive source was in need of reconstruction again. On the inscription on the front side of the façade, the bowl of the fountain with the date of H.1243 (M.1827) is in the form of a concrete plaster and has been repaired soon.

There are two bazaars of this bath built by the Shepherd Mustafa Pasha Mosque for the purpose of foundation and a large cistern beside it. Seamless limestone stones were used in the construction. Three rows of windows, bricks and a lattice, are laid up to the belt legs of the windows, and the arches of all the windows are made of bricks. This largest bath of Gebze is still in use and has been repaired from time to time.

Yavuz Sultan Selim and Mustafa Pasha, one of the viziers of Süleyman the Magnificent, in Gebze. It was built in the 16th century by Mimar Sinan and Architect Acem Ali as a range complex. Mosque, inn, bashhane, pasha chambers, imaret, madrasa, library, bath and a building complex that comes from the square.

This is almost like a paradise. Founded in 1991 and opened in the open in 1993, there are more than 300 bird species in Turkey, as well as hundreds of species of animals. In the 140,000 square meter zoo, you can see happy faces that can share the excitement of children in children’s parks, cafes and relaxation units.

In addition to the birds at the zoo, there are some of the most interesting places to visit, such as prank monkeys, koi fish, tropical zoo animals, garden supplies sales gallery, and attractive objects. As soon as you have finished browsing the cages of budgerigar toy, piranha species, there is a gallery displaying attractive animal accessories. Even when you have never been in your mind, you are beginning to think about the question “what is nonsense” in the face of what you see. If you decide, you can find all kinds of needs of animals, such as tools, clothing, clothes, food, medicine, t-shirts, anoraks, mascot-like things with interesting cute animal pictures.

In another part of the park, Japanese Koi fish are seen as colorful as clowns in the pool. Koiler, the world’s most expensive fish, expresses luck, happiness and longevity in Japan. 120 different colors of fish are detected, can live for 50 to 120 years and is known as human friendly. These fish, which have never learned to be afraid, are gathering in front of you near the pool.

In the sections where your trip continues, you are met with beautiful dragon-eyed gazelles, oranges, majestic horns, dewy deer and antiloplar. After this visitor, the viewers come to the garden of the monkeys who loudly laugh, you witness the prattle of monkeys with mutual glances.

From the monkeys you forget time when you come back to the fat, lazy pelican birds swimming pools where swans swim, camel, llama, pony horses, zebra and rabbits from the part where chickens, owls, vultures, camels and horses love themselves. While occasional shouting voices interfere with the shouting of children trying to imitate them, options such as resting units, cafes, and children’s gardens enter the scene.

Everything is thought of as a place to visit, including the labs that launch the card for the photographers in the zoo. In the park’s tropical center and aquarium sections you can see rare species, explore interesting plant species in the garden, sponsor an animal by hosting an animal you like in the park, or become a volunteer member.

The mansion located in the village of Gebze Demirciler is located in the 19th century. It is the most successful example of Ottoman architecture. It has the characteristic of being the only example in the province of Kocaeli in terms of its frieze ornaments and architectural style.

The castle is located in the north east of Eskihisar Village, which controls the passage of the Izmit Gulf in the past. Kalenin is believed to have been built during the Byzantine period to protect the harbor. The castle, which was also used by the Ottomans, was restored in 1998. The use for the Kalenin antres concert events has been opened

The factory was established in Hereke in 1843 in the name of Hereke Fabrika-i Hümâyûnu. It is the most comprehensive factory that the Ottoman Empire has built up in the area of ​​carpet and silk weaving up to that tarihe.

This factory, which was opened within the scope of the studies for the development of Turkish industry started in the 1800s, started to innovate and change constantly. The factory was using the pioneering technology of those years and pioneering the development and modernization of the national textile products on behalf of the Ottoman state. So much so that the products of the Hereke Plant at the top are; The Ottoman industry was in the palace, pavilion and hurricanes of the palace, especially Dolmabahçe, in the form of a vitrine. On the other hand, while Dolmabahçe Palace was built for convenience in this regard, a workshop was established within the palace in the name of “Hereke Dokumahanesi”.

Hereke Ipekli Weaving and Carpet Factory, which continued to work in the Republican Period; Today, it continues to produce as a museum-factory and has a special place among its similarities.
Kartepe is very convenient for mountain tourism. It is in the south-east of Izmit. The height is 1606 m. Pine, beech, linden trees and colorful flowers on the way to the Lamb Plateau on the way, fresh air, panoramic view and wild nature are seen to intertwine with each other.

Because it is one of the few mountains that have sea views from other tourist areas where winter sports are made, Kartepe which has a distinctive beauty has the feature of summer and winter.

Kartepe forests and Kuzu Plateau provide day trips and organizing works are still being carried out. In addition, Turkey’s most exquisite trout breed is available in small lakes on Kartepe. Today, it is still more convenient to visit in spring and summer, and taking into account these characteristics of Kartepe continues to work to make it a tourism center where winter sports can take place.

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